Rutgers University researchers have found that GLP-1 medications used to treat Type 2 diabetes and obesity show a modest association with ischemic optic neuropathy, a rare condition that causes sudden vision loss through reduced blood flow to the optic nerve.

The study analyzed data from U.S. adults aged 18 to 65 with Type 2 diabetes who were starting diabetes medications, including GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound).

Researchers found approximately “three to four additional cases per 10,000 patients treated with GLP-1s over 18 months,” according to lead author Chintan Dave. Though rare, he said the condition warrants attention because it “can involve sudden vision loss.”

The majority of ischemic optic neuropathy cases occurred in men or in individuals aged 50 to 65, suggesting this demographic faces a higher baseline risk.

Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine
DOI: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-00860
Publication Date: July 14, 2026

Source: EurekAlert